The Caliphate of Adam: Sunni Exegetical Commentaries on the Qurʾānic Term “Khalīfa” The Thirty-Year Caliphate: Revisiting Legitimate Authority in Medieval Islam History as Political Thought: The Saqifa Meeting and the Sunni Theory of the Caliphate Legitimizing Politics: Ibn al-Jawzī’s Reassessment of Ruler-Scholar Relations Al-Māwardī’s Commentaries on the Anthropomorphic Qurʾānic Verses