Notions of Female Authority in Modern Shi'i Thought Women’s Mobilization for Increased Political Representation in Turkey and Iran Strategic Framing: Women’s Framing Processes for Political Representation in Iran and Turkey Internal Criticism: Islamic Women’s Rights Activism in Iran and Turkey Women and Party Politics in Turkey and Iran ‘Gender Justice’ versus ‘Gender Equality’: Elite women’s framing processes in Iran and Turkey From ‘Gender Equality’ to ‘Gender Justice’: Bargaining for Women’s Political Representation in Iran and Turkey Instigating Change or Provoking Backlash? Outspoken Women Politicians of the Islamic Republic of Iran The Impact and Role of National Women’s Machineries: Case Studies from Afghanistan, Iran and Turkey