Mihna and Mushaf: Caliphal Power and the Written Qur'an Hafsa and al-Mushaf: Women and the Written Qur’an in the Early Centuries of Islam Sanctity and Sacrilege: Qur’an Codices in the Twelfth-Century Material Landscape Blood on the Text: The Mushaf and the Construction of the Sacred Reading an “Unreadable” Book: Kufic Qur’ans and the Articulation of Islam People and the Books: Cross-cultural Exchange in Early Islamic Qur’an Production