Mandatory Body-Building: Physical Activity, Masculinities, Class, and Nationalism in 1930s Syria Fighting Insects and Tarbushes, Too: Rural Development and the Ecology of Class in Late 1930s Syria The Nature of Reform in Late Ottoman Syria Rails and Rabies in the Late Ottoman Empire Ancient Infrastructures, Modern Borders: Roads, Ruins, and Locusts on the 1920s Syrian-Turkish Frontier Provincializing the Shammar Grain and Governance, People and Place in the Ottoman Jazira 1860-1920 'Is it now that we are inventing such things?' Ethnicity and Sedentarization in the Late Ottoman Jazira Locusts and Scale in the Post-Ottoman Jazira