To what extent does the Bahāʾī religion intersect with Islam? There is an urgency to addressing this question to better understand why the Islamic Republic of Iran continues to persecute Bahāʾīs (the largest non-Muslim religious community in Iran). The sources for this question center on the Arabic and Persian writings of the founder of the Bahāʾī religion, Mīrzā Ḥusayn ʿAlī Nūrī, known as Bahāʾu’llāh (d. 1892). Most scholars have focused on the divergence of the Bahāʾī religion from Islam as a result of the fact that Bahāʾīs have asserted their independence from Islam. This divergence is evident in the writings of Bahāʾu’llāh, who developed new laws and traditions that are unmistakably distinct from Islam. For example, Bahāʾu’llāh outlawed jihad, and called for his followers to be completely non-violent. While there are indeed many differences between the Bahāʾī religion and Islam, I argue that there are also many convergences between the two religions – a reality that few scholars have explored. In fact, the writings of Bahāʾu’llāh reference the Quran more than any other source and Bahāʾīs have adopted numerous Islamic concepts, including divine revelation and monotheism. Additionally, Muslims were often the recipients and immediate audience of Bahāʾu’llāh’s letters, epistles, and prayers. My argument, then, is that much of the language, terminology, and meaning found in Bahāʾu’llāh’s writings are simultaneously Islamic and post-Islamic. I analyze the explicit and implicit statements in these writings related to Islam to argue that while the Bahāʾī religion is distinct from Islam, Bahāʾu’llāh’s writings honor Islam by praising the Quran and the Prophet Muhammad. By placing Bahāʾu’llāh’s writings in the contexts of the Quran, Islamic theology, and Islamic history, the aim of this paper is to contribute to the discourse on the relationship between Islam and minority religions in the Middle East.
History
Literature
Religious Studies/Theology
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