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Reporters and [Prophetic] Reports: The Journal Al-Tamaddun Al-Islami and Al-Albani’s Early Career as a Hadith Commentator
Abstract
Reflecting upon the ways in which scholarly circles have historically formed in the context of socio-political and theological engagements, and in so doing have cultivated unique identities and methodologies in response to these various environments, the following paper examines the ways in which the vocabulary of hadith became the principal mechanism for articulating a vision of Islamic reform in the Damascus-based journal al-Tamaddun al-Islami, founded in 1932 by disciples of Rashid Rida. A uniquely modern phenomenon, “disrupting” (to use Giddens’ expression) traditional paradigms of communication and authority with the new mechanisms it introduced, journalism was adopted by various reform-minded scholarly communities since the nineteenth century as a way of engaging with a broader audience. Journals and pamphlets became the principal spaces in which reform-minded scholars in Egypt and Syria, taking as their cue the example of the much-read al-Manar of Rashid Rida, articulated their visions and disseminated them to a readership of unprecedented diversity and volume. This paper will examine select articles by Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Albani written over the span of twenty installments of the journal al-Tamaddun al-Islami, comparing his hadith commentaries with his more anecdotal social criticisms, to see, first, why hadith served as the principal source on which he relied and, second, what role the subject played in framing his conclusions and prescriptions for his immediate community. Not only will this discussion add a new dimension to understanding the dynamics of community-formation around hadith, especially in the modern period, but also the ways in which its usage reflected the accepted modes of communication of a particular setting. Ultimately, it was this ability to render the messages and authenticity of hadith reports in a specific vernacular that served as the bedrock for a new, popular-based authority structure which would later appear so subversive to more “established” ‘ulama’ and their institutions. As a case study in the mechanics of this process of constructing an alternative authority, this examination of al-Albani’s writings on hadith in this journal will add further nuance to connotations of his epithet of “Traditionist of Syria” (Muhaddith al-Sham) not as a reflection of his innate scholarly pedigree (to the best of our knowledge he did not study with any hadith scholars) but that this pedigree became associated with his ability to construct standards of scholarship through the newly established media of communication.
Discipline
Religious Studies/Theology
Geographic Area
Syria
Sub Area
19th-21st Centuries