From the early 1880s till the end of the Ottoman Empire, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS or Mormon Church) sent dozens of missionaries to the Middle East in order to proselyte and establish the Church in the region as part of its millenarian aspirations to prepare for the second coming of Jesus Christ through preaching its “Restored Gospel” and commence the gathering of Israel. During this almost 40-year period hundreds of Ottoman-Armenians converted to Mormonism with congregations in Aintab, Aleppo, Zara, and Maraş. Joseph W Booth, native of Alpine, Utah, was the longest serving LDS missionary in the Ottoman Empire having served three missions spanning 17 years preaching among and leading the LDS Armenian congregations. Booth kept a daily journal throughout his missions and just before his death in Aleppo in 1928 wrote this pithy summary of Mormon Missionary efforts in the Middle East, “Our past and present status may be briefly told by counting up to ten; thus: One lady missionary, two workers in the field today, three cities have served as our headquarters, four elders have died in the field, five nationalities have been baptized, six languages are needed to teach them, seven apostles have been here, eight cities now claim one or more of our members, and nine out of ten are in poverty.” Based upon LDS Church and Ottoman Archival documents, LDS missionary journals and writings, and the family histories of the LDS Armenian population, this presentation discusses the struggles faced by the LDS Armenian community, particularly in terms of providing for its basic necessities during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and the community’s attempts to ameliorate these dire circumstances. Deeply impoverished due to awful economic circumstances within the broader Ottoman Empire, but also exacerbated by persecution from the Ottoman government and local Armenians, the LDS Armenian community and its Missionary leaders attempted various schemes, such as carpet weaving, textile manufacture, agriculture, and several abortive attempts to establish a “Mormon Colony” in the Holy Land. This presentation investigates these attempts at self-sufficiency and communalism within the context of growing Western Imperialism in the Middle East and how this intersected with the millenarian aspirations of the Mormon missionaries and their Protestant competitors.