By the end of WWI, North Africa was strongly afflicted. However, the Armistice signed in November 1918, did not marked the end of the fighting, as in many parts of the world. One of the most famous uprising in the Muslim Mediterranean world was the War of Independence led by Mustafa Kemal in the Ottoman Empire (1919-1922), allowing to request revision of the Treaty of Sèvres at the congress of Lausanne in 1923. However, less known fights took place in North Africa, especially in Morocco and in Cyrenaica. In fact, North Morocco was a place of rebellion during and after WWI, far to be pacified. The Rif War (1921-1926) has been considered as one of the most important anti-colonial struggles in the inter-war period. Nevertheless, the local dynamics just before this very strong war have been little examined. This paper will resituate the Rif War at the articulation with WWI and the local uprisings in Northern Morocco, especially in the Spanish zone, a legally neutral zone that enjoyed de facto no real control. This contribution aims at analyse the pre-Rif War period from a local and a translocal perspective. It will shed light on the local context of the uprising, the resistance at a local level and the conjunction of foreign support (German and Ottoman). Light will be shed on the connections of the Muhammad ‘Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi - the qadi of the Banu Waryaghal - and of his son, Muhammad bin ‘Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi, with local and foreign actors, such as Spain, Germany and the Ottoman Empire during and after WWI. A special attention will be given to the relation between Muhammad bin ‘Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi and ‘Abd al Malik bin Muhyi al-Din and the help he provided him. He was one of the youngest sons of the Great Algerian leader of resistance to French occupation in the 1830’s - ‘Amir Abd al-Qadir - and led the strongest local resistance movement in Northern Morocco from 1915. Indeed, Muhammad bin ‘Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi, arrested by the Spanish in 1915, remained in prison until his father interrupted his help to ‘Abd al Malik and the Germans. Then, ‘Abd al Malik’s fall and his position toward the nascent Rif War will be analysed. This contribution draws from various archives and documents throughout different sides in the conflict such as Morocco, the Ottoman Empire, France, Germany and Great-Britain.