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The Role of Performance in the Creation of a New Variety in Saudi Arabia
Abstract
This paper proposes the appearance of a new variety in the speech of Saudi Arabia’s youth, which is continuing to spread around the country. The study has examined the use of this variety in three hours of recordings of six young famous Saudi YouTube vloggers (video bloggers). The features of this variety are not yet stable, but generally speakers tended to accommodate their language to that of Hijaz, which they see as a cosmopolitan, modern center that represents youth future aspiration. The study shows significant gender differences in the use of this variety which were guided mainly by cultural and social motivations, such as the need to minimize the cultural gap between different social classes or to gain prestige. This distinction in the use of the variety can be compared to ‘Valley Girl’ speech that emerged in the US during the 80s of the previous century (Hinton et al, 1987). Also, the study reveals that performance plays a significant role and represents another distinction between the two genders in the use of the new variety. Keeping Labov’s notion of “the observer’s paradox” in mind, I use Bauman’s devices of performance as art to examine the use of the emerging variety. This examination showed that male speakers exhibit unnatural or ‘performance’ speech, while females exhibit it to a lesser degree, which suggests that this is the natural type of speech females produce on a daily basis. Performance theory thus helps us to explain the mechanism behind sociolinguists’ observation that women are leaders in language change. The study concludes that performance has played an important role in the emergence of this new variety of Arabic.
Discipline
Linguistics
Geographic Area
Arabian Peninsula
Sub Area
Sociolinguistics