The aftermath of the Great War created opportunities for various groups to raise their claims the nationhood across the post-Ottoman territories. This presentation focuses on the Ararat Rebellion (1927-1930) during which we encounter an unlikely collaboration between the Kurdish and Armenians seeking nationhood. Based on the premise that it was the confusing and conflictual climate of post-world war I enabled Turkish statehood and nationhood, a series of rebellions by the Kurds can be accounted for based on the ideological climate created by the Wilsonian principles. However, given the legacy of the Kurdish participation in the Armenian Genocide during the war, it is interesting to understand how and why Kurds and Armenians strategically or tactically, yet actively participated in the creation of the organization Xoybun that produced the leadership and resources for the Ararat rebellion less than two decades later. Framed by the state-formation and political opportunity structures theories of the Contentious Politics perspective, and using the newspaper accounts, memoirs, Greek and Xoybun archives, this presentation argues that since the Turkish nationhood was the product of a) post-war confusions among the allies, b) genocide and expulsion of Greeks and Armenians, c) pacification of the Kurds, d) inheriting centralized state structures of the Ottoman Empire, other political groups based on nationalities were collaborating to challenge this settlement. Given the historical contingency, such challenges reveal how certainty and inevitability were not "natural" consequences of the post-Great War order. These political conflicts at the time, such as the Ararat Rebellion, and the way political violence contributed to the consolidation of the statehood in Turkey, it can be concluded that the repressive and violent repression of this rebellion has been consequential for the 21st century modern Turkey and its state-society dynamics. This presentation focuses on the organization and operations of Xoybun as to reveal the existential fears of statehood and discontents of the society in Turkey.