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“Arabs of the Coast and Islands” on Social Media: Signs of Life From Neglected Huwala Arabs in Iran`s Gulf Region?
Abstract
The traditions of fishing, pearling, and seafaring on both Gulf littorals have for centuries been a means of cultural exchange among diverse linguistic and ethnic communities. From the 18th century, Persian families settled down on the Arabian shore, and Arab tribes from Eastern Arabia such as the Maraziq and Qawasim established villages on the Iranian coast (Darya`i, 2012). These Arabs were called Huwala, ‘those who have moved’. According to travelogues and British archival materials, most settlements on the Iranian coast and neighboring islands were under the influence of Arab tribal chiefs until the mid-20th century, when their dominance abruptly ended with Reza Shah`s centralization of the government. Subsequently, Huwala Arabs were said to have returned to the Arabian Peninsula to rejoin their original tribes, and to enter the booming oil economy and construction sector. The common belief still holds among both Iranians and Gulf Arabs that no Huwala Arabs remain in Iran (Nadjmabadi, 2005). In recent political, social, and cultural descriptions of the Gulf provinces, Iranian authors tendentiously deny Arab presence (Nurbakhsh, 2003). This paper addresses the following questions: Are we right to surmise that Arab culture completely vanished from Iran`s Gulf region? If so, did it leave any trace? If it did not disappear, where can it be found, and to what extent does it affect the local population`s life? Social networking and video-sharing websites offer unexpected resources for the investigation of these questions. In this sphere, we are witnessing a tiny, but steadily growing movement that aims to reach out to the world and show the existence of Arab culture in Bushehr and Hormozgan Province. Torn between Iranian denial and Arab neglect, the Arabs on the Iranian Gulf coast have begun to use social media to send signs of life to the rest of the world. This paper analyzes selections from Facebook profiles, YouTube channels and independent websites, and demonstrates how Iranian Arabs as an ethnic, linguistic, and religious minority preserve and present their culture. It will be argued that despite the presence of a vibrant Arab cultural life in certain areas, the contributors to these forums occasionally magnify the importance of Arabs by blending older footage with recent ones. Nonetheless, the very existence of Arab cultural events, recitals of nabati poetry and Arabic folk tales in Iran is a heritage to be cherished and not to be neglected by Gulf Arabs on the opposite coast.
Discipline
Sociology
Geographic Area
Gulf
Iran
Sub Area
None