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“Exposing the Truth Is Not a Crime”: Online Image-Making and the Politics of Truth in Morocco’s Teacher Labor Disputes
Abstract by Gareth Smail On Session   (The Politics of Culture)

On Friday, November 15 at 11:30 am

2024 Annual Meeting

Abstract
This paper explores how images of public schools circulating online become a ground for contestation within Morocco’s teacher labor politics. Morocco’s public school teachers have a long and public history of tension with their employer, the Ministry of Education, which came to the fore in an episode on Facebook before the start of the school year in September 2019. A teacher’s posted video of her school in disrepair sparked a viral campaign in which teachers shared images of deteriorating schools around the country and demanded that the Ministry improve their working conditions. The Ministry responded first by refuting the veracity of the images and dismissing their circulators as proponents of “fake news”, and then finally, by creating and distributing its own images, which included carefully staged rituals in which Ministry officials toured recently renovated school facilities. The slogan “exposing the truth is not a crime” became a widely circulated hashtag among teachers as they doubled down in the face of the Ministry’s response. This paper integrates analysis of online discourse and ethnographic observation of Ministry of Education media events collected during long-term fieldwork in 2019 and early 2020. I demonstrate how Facebook in Morocco has become a site of contestation over how images represent truth (Strassler, 2020); while the Ministry focuses on arguing that individual images are “fabricated” or “false” representations of the schools they purport to document, the teachers argue via comments that—irrespective of the veracity of any one image—the stream of images exposes a broader “truth” about the Ministry’s inadequate custodianship over public education. This paper provides a new perspective on social media as a catalyst of a (fractured) public sphere in Morocco and the broader Arab World. Where scholarship has documented how states have efficiently transformed social media into tool repression and harassment in the context of authoritarian retrenchment (e.g. Errazzouki, 2020), this paper demonstrates the limits of social media for state image-making and its efforts at establishing narrative control. Works Cited Errazzouki, S. (2020). Under Watchful Eyes. Media and Politics in the Southern Mediterranean: Communicating Power in Transition after 2011. Routledge. Strassler, K. (2020). Demanding Images: Democracy, Mediation, and the Image-Event in Indonesia. Duke University Press Books.
Discipline
Anthropology
Geographic Area
All Middle East
Maghreb
Morocco
Sub Area
None