Abstract
Artifacts and crafts manifest as intelligent expressions of beliefs, cultures, emotional nuances, and philosophical trends, encapsulating the essence of both the artist and patron's archetypal existence. These creations hold considerable significance within the realm of material sources, often being heralded as 'the intellect of the hand'. Despite the notable scholarly attention directed towards the material sources of the past, research approaches have predominantly gravitated towards philosophy, theology, and literature. Among the various dynasties that governed the medieval Islamic world, the Fatimids, reigning over segments of North Africa and Egypt from 909 A.D. to 1171 A.D., distinguished themselves through their active patronage of the arts. Their contributions encompassed textiles, ceramics, carved wood, ivory, and rock crystal, enduring the test of time. This study endeavors to re-contextualize the tiraz fabrics from the Fatimid period within a historical context, seeking to address the scarcity of primary textual sources from that era. Although Fatimid tiraz fabrics have been subject to considerable scholarly attention, their role as repositories of Fatimid cultural, political, and social history remains underexplored. Employing a hermeneutic approach, this paper endeavors to situate tiraz fabrics against the backdrop of information found in primary and predominantly incoherent secondary sources. It posits that historical references derived from these fabrics may (a) corroborate specific details in historical texts, (b) challenge erroneous assertions made by secondary and modern historians, and, most significantly, (c) fill gaps in the textual sources that persist as enigmas for contemporary historians.
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