Abstract
For many years the Mubarak regime was able to dodge domestic and international pressure for greater democracy by holding up the threat of the Muslim Brotherhood, its apparently assured victory in open elections and the Islamic state it would subsequently create. This strategy was very successful as the coverage of the January 25 Revolution illustrates; fear of the Muslim Brotherhood was a significant subtext in government statements and national and international media coverage. Many of those who demonstrated against the government therefore had to conquer not only their fear of the regime, but their fear of the MB being the biggest beneficiary of greater democracy. The demonstrators’ clear and consistent call for a democratic and civil (madani), rather than Islamic, government exposed the weakness of Mubarak and the Muslim Brotherhood. The weakness of the MB was important to the success of the Revolution and paved the way for the MB to be accepted as a legitimate voice in post-Revolution Egypt.
How was the Muslim Brotherhood portrayed during the Revolution in Egyptian state and opposition press? How was it portrayed in Western media coverage of the Revolution? How did the Brotherhood respond to the negative press? How did the Muslim Brotherhood participate in the Revolution, both in demonstrations and negotiations? What evidence emerged of internal cohesion and division within the MB? Did the Revolution change the impression of the Brotherhood or did a rising tide of democracy merely lift all ships, including the Brotherhood?
In this paper I analyze statements about and by the MB in Egyptian and Westerns media during and immediately following the Revolution (Jan 25-Feb 11). This includes Egyptian state and opposition newspapers, especially al-Ahram and al-Masry al-Yom, as well as coverage, interviews and editorials in the major international news networks and newspapers. I analyze also the efforts by the MB to respond to the negative press coverage through interviews, articles, and its English website. I compare its outreach in English and Arabic with its actions during the Revolution.
The revelation that the MB is not the largest or opposition force in Egypt helped to end decades of political stalemate. The MB’s recognition of the forces lined up against it and its response in the media and in the street has secured the MB a continuing role in a rapidly changing Egypt. Egypt is being transformed by a youth revolution, the MB is as well.
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