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Minorities by any Other Name: Asiri and the Status of Christians in the Middle East
Abstract
Buenos Aires, Argentina might not be the first metropolis in which one may think to encounter Middle Eastern minorities. Migration from both Syria and Lebanon to Argentina and Brazil in the period from 1920-1960 facilitated the convergence of a Syrian and Lebanese, Syriac-Orthodox community in Buenos Aires. This community in the diaspora managed to build an active intellectual and social life that remained connected to their homeland in the Middle East. During the 1930s, Churches were constructed, clergy were hired to attend to the new diaspora community, and the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch created a new diocese with an Archbishop responsible for keeping the community connected to the homeland. Magazines and other publications were used by the community to keep members informed of the latest developments in both the political and social conditions of the Middle East. This paper will examine the trilingual Arabic, Spanish, and Syriac journal Asiri, published by members of the community originally from Syria in Buenos Aires. Disseminated throughout the Middle East, and published from September 1934-August of 1956, I will explore how this monthly publication aided and allowed for an exchange of ideas regarding issues of nationalism, political activism, communism, and ethnicity between the diaspora community and those still living in the Middle East. Contributions to the magazine came from Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, and diaspora communities in Argentina, Brazil, and the United States. This created an interesting medium that permitted members of the community to think of themselves as part of larger political movements and become increasingly aware of their status as ‘minorities’ in the newly independent states in the Middle East. This paper will examine these exchanges and analyze how members of the diaspora community helped to change the way Christian minorities in Iraq and Syria thought of themselves as a group belonging to the Arab and Assyrian nations rather than to religious denominations and millets. I will also seek to analyze how these ideas fed into the political movements that sought to de-colonize the Middle East, in particular communism and socialist political parties.
Discipline
History
Geographic Area
Syria
Sub Area
Diaspora/Refugee Studies