Abstract
The traditional educational system in Iran went through a wide range of adjustments and reforms over the past two centuries until modern methods were adopted. In the beginning, the privilege of education was predictably limited to men. Only in 1907 did Iranian women finally gain formal access to public education when a primary school was established for girls in Tehran. It was through the efforts of a group of individuals who rallied around the issue of educational reform that public access to education was expanded to an unprecedented extent.
Touran Mirhadi (1927 – 2016) was one individual who made learning possible by emphasizing children’s status and providing them with the required materials. Lovingly nicknamed “The Grandmother of Progressive Education in Iran,” she contended that a nourishing and learned society cannot be constructed without addressing the needs of children. She spent most of her life designing and modifying pedagogical methods to make education easier and more accessible for all Iranian children. Even though Mirhadi established children’s book exhibitions, the Children’s Book Council of Iran, and the Institute for Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults, there is scant scholarly work analyzing this trailblazing woman’s further contributions. Biographies in general and women’s life narratives, in particular, are rare in Iran. Some literary critics have called the genre a misfit within the context of Iranian literary history.
This paper seeks to introduce this educational advocate to a larger audience since no biography of this trailblazer woman exists in English. Through a close study of Mirhadi’s life and services, this paper will outline how Touran Mirhadi’s innovative educational methods and ground-breaking organizations contributed towards shifting traditional modes of education toward modern methods. Using interpretative analysis, this paper will argue that the role of this pioneering woman was crucial in normalizing modern public education in Iran.
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