The post WWII era was a period of shifting political structures, economic circumstances, and demographics, but it was also a time when bodily waste emerged as an important resource for biomedicine. In the context of reproduction research, studies began demonstrating that urine of women after menopause contains both types of sex-hormones needed to induce ovulation, calling them follicle-stimulating hormone (FsH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). This made urine an important reservoir for hormones. As scientists and pharmaceutical companies in Europe realized that urine could be turned into gold, they started searching for cheap and concentrated sources – groups of women after menopause – in order to collect this golden liquid in great amounts. Collecting urine in Europe turned out too expensive, creating a need to search for bodily residues elsewhere. This talk concentrates on two scientific projects that sought postmenopausal urine in the Middle-East, and which grounded the region as a frontier of bioprospecting: One was the unsuccessful attempts of the Swedish Leo pharmaceutical company to collaborate with UNRWA in Lebanon to collect urine from Palestinian refugees in Gaza; Another was the initiative of the Italian/Swiss company Serono that established a long-lasting collaboration with the endocrinology laboratory at the Tel-Hashomer medical center, Israel. The second project, which relied on the collection of urine from women living in Elderly homes in Israel, became the basis for the development of Pergonal, a fertility drug that is considered a stepping-stone in the development of global reproductive technologies. In this context, elderly women were not perceived as a marginalized group of people, but rather cheap and valuable resources for science and the expanding pharmaceutical industry. The paper is based on an analysis of pharmaceutical companies’ records, scientific publications, laboratory notes and correspondences, as well as interviews with scientists, organizations, and donors involved in these two projects. It demonstrates how the emergence of the scientific-industrial complex, which was characterized the era, was heavily dependent on seeking and moving the waste of particular groups of people across borders within, from, and into the Middle-East. The paper also illustrates how the global pharmaceutical industry relied on the identification local demographics, and how Israeli endocrinology was established as a field of research on the basis of its understanding as a frontier scientific and pharmaceutical endeavor. Finally, it analyzes the relation between the accelerating movement of bodily substances across borders, and growing restrictions over the mobility the same people who supplied them.