The Mandatory power for a quarter of a century, France maintained close relations with Lebanon after the country's access to independence on November 23, 1943, formally executed in 1946. France therefore supported the construction of the Lebanese State in a context of internal political uncertainties and strong competition with other powers (the UK, the USA). French interests (political, economic and cultural) remained firmly anchored in Lebanon and since the first post-Mandate years France has sought to maintain privileged relations with its former territory. During the years of the Mandate, seeking to exercise colonialism by another name, France was particularly involved in public health missions in Lebanon. Sylvia Chiffoleau has shown how “the health action of the French mandate in Lebanon and Syria is at the crossroads of a charitable medicine, which relies on a dense network of private and community care institutions.” This dense medical network did not disappear with the country’s independence. It transformed into a relay of influence on which France relied to develop a policy of medical cooperation with Lebanon. This cooperation was based in particular on the maintenance and development of medical mobility (doctors, nurses, students, knowledge) between the two countries. It was part of a dynamic of support for the construction of the Lebanese State and its public health policies through the support provided to medical institutions of care and training. Finally, France was involved in a health diplomacy that aimed to defend their interests, presence and influence in Lebanon in a local situation of growing community tensions, even though the country was a space of competition between regional and international powers. This proposal will be based on meticulous research, based mainly on the French diplomatic archives (La Courneuve, Nantes).