While the Russian influence on the Arab modernist writer Mikha'il Nu’aymah, who was one of the founders of the Pen League in New York, has long been recognized, scholars have not yet grappled with this author’s Russian writings. Only a handful of scholars have studied the Russian influence on the representatives of The Pen League in depth (Bell, Hine, Scoville, Swanson; Gould) in addition to Soviet era studies (Bilyk, Imanqulieva, Dolinina, Krachkovskii, Muminov). Yet the material evidence of Russian influence is substantial, and the case studies analyzed in this presentation are notable for Nu’aymah’s engagement with the Russian literary tradition. My presentation also shows how the Russian poetry produced by late nahda writers helped in developing our understanding of the role of multilingualism in constituting Arabic modernism while illuminating its geographically and linguistically diverse substance.This multilingual poetry can be used as the basis for a deeper study of nahda multilingualism and help in understanding how the traditions that shape poems written in one language were transferred to those written in another one. My study helps us to better understand the development of the modern Arabic literature, as it gradually absorbed new values, ethics, genres, themes, literary methods, and currents from world literature through what Bakhtin called the “dialogue” of cultures. More broadly, I discuss the phenomenon of multilingual Arabic-Russian-English poets as the one of exophonic literary consciousness (Suga). In focusing on the second juncture in Nu’aymah’s literary trajectories, I show how his Russian experience shaped his subsequent literary production in Arabic.