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Corrective Histories: The Ashkenazi Benchmark of Mizrahi Memory in Cinema
Abstract
The challenge Mizrahi cinema has posed to the regnant Ashkenazi-Zionist narrative transpires in a growing number of films which unearth a story about Jewish life in Arab lands or events based on early encounters between the Mizrahi immigrants and the absorbing society in Palestine/Israel. This presentation focuses on The Ringworm Children (David Belhassen and Asher Hemias, 2003), Unpromised Land (Ayelet Heller, 1992), The Pioneers (Sigalit Banai, 2008), and The Farhud (Yitzhak Halutzi, 2008). Taken together, these films contrive to impart a story of life in the Diaspora or in the Land of Israel that, if not quite equal to, then at least is reminiscent of the Ashkenazi tale of suffering in exile and redemption in the Promised Land, namely, that Mizrahi Jews too participated and contributed to the Zionist enterprise. These documentaries and docudramas are designed to create a more inclusive Zionist narrative and ask that this parity is finally acknowledged. This paper adopts postcolonial conceptualizations of the ethnic divisions in Israel as formulated in the works of Ella Shohat, Yehuda Shenhav, and other post- and anti-Zionist scholars. Specifically, “Corrective Histories: The Ashkenazi Benchmark of Mizrahi Memory in Cinema” argues that the films it discusses opt for a derivative discourse whereby they “re-write” history instead of “write it back” (Bill Ashcroft). To wit, I deem it significant that the manner in which these stories are told amounts to a concerted effort to narrate the Mizrahi story within the parameters of the Ashkenazi-Zionist master narrative. These works subordinate the former to the latter to facilitate the acceptance of the Mizrahi past into the pantheon of the Zionist sanctified myths about the trauma of exilic life, the immigrants’ pioneering spirit, and the settling of the land. By doing so, these films fail to broach the possibility of wresting a Mizrahi narrative away from the Zionist procrustean memory. Ashcroft, Bill. 2001. Post-Colonial Transformation. London and New York: Routledge. Shenhav, Yehuda. 2006. The Arab Jews: A Postcolonial Reading of Nationalism, Religion, and Ethnicity. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Shohat, Ella. 1989/2010. Israeli Cinema: East/West and the Politics of Representation. Austin: University of Texas Press/London and New York: I.B. Tauris. ________. 1988. “Sephardim in Israel: Zionism from the Standpoint of Its Jewish Victims.” Social Text, 19–20, pp. 1–35. ________. 2001. “Rapture and Return: The Shaping of a Mizrahi Epistemology.” In HAGAR: International Social Science Review. 2: 1, pp. 61–92.
Discipline
Media Arts
Geographic Area
Israel
Sub Area
Arab-Israeli Conflict