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CyberJihad beyond Algorithmic Control: Palestine and the Political Limitations of Internet Technologies
Abstract
In recent years, the Israeli apparatus of occupation has increasingly integrated automatized operations into its dispositfs of violence, surveillance, and control. From drone technologies to hasbara bots, both violent assaults and the so-called ‘battle of ideas’ are being fought more and more through purely mechanic interactions. Moreover, in line with its preventive policing approach, Israel’s cyber-security forces have recently designed and applied algorithmic scanning to contents that Palestinians share online. Leading to the arrest and detention of hundreds of Palestinians, this approach has been paralleled by the latest Palestinian Authority’s (PA) restrictive law on cybercrime that, in defiance of basic digital rights, further seizes and deteriorates spaces of dissent. Moreover, with information and data being channeled through fewer and fewer platforms, authorities’ control over content becomes gradually facilitated, also thank to existing partnerships with companies managing large quantities of data. At the same time, free online spaces (such as darknet and anonymous I2P networks) tend to disappear at the altar of infrastructural commercialization, and users’ limited computer literacy. In this spirit, disruptive engagements – such as traditional hacking and cyberwar – are being relegated to a narrow phenomenological niche. In a context where both Israeli and PA’s practices tighten the ‘vise’ over Palestinian cyberspace through the continuous fine tuning of jaws of censorship and control, online activism (and critical engagement in general) somehow appears to facilitate the occupation rather than disabling its articulation online. Departing from these empirical considerations, this article engages with the concept of jihad to reflect on alternative ways, and extents, in which internet technologies can be re-appropriated and deployed on behalf of disruptive politics in Palestine and beyond.
Discipline
Political Science
Geographic Area
Palestine
Sub Area
Information Technology/Computing