The Arab world has become the most war-affected region in the world in recent years being plagued with civil wars spread from Syria and Iraq to Yemen to Libya. International and regional actors carried out numerous mediation initiatives to respond to these wars though only little success has been achieved. In this research project, fifteen regional and international mediation scholars came together to systematically analyze mediation efforts in conflicts in the Arab world in the past ten years. This book is the first publication that takes a comprehensive approach to mediation in the Arab world analyzing mediation cases in Yemen, Sudan, Qatar, Palestine, Syria, Algeria, Libya, Somalia, and Iraq. The book has successfully passed a rigorous peer-review process by Syracuse University Press, and it is now in the production phase. As the editors of this book, we are proposing that we present the research project findings on mediation efforts in the Arab world at the coming MESA Conference in Dec. 2022 This contribution builds on the comparative analysis of more than fifteen case studies from different countries. It synthesizes research findings from projects that have used a wide array of methodological instruments and analytical approaches in the study of mediation in the Arab world. The variety of cases and methods used in this research project paves the way for a better understanding of processes of conflict mediation in the Arab world. This book is divided into three major parts, covering mediation in the Arab world from different perspectives and analytical prisms. In Part I: General Trajectories and Challenges of Mediation in the Arab World, we analyze the regional trends and overarching problems relating to mediation in the Arab World. In Part II: Case Studies of Mediation in or by Arab Countries, we focus more specifically on some of the most central cases of mediation in the Arab world and study them intensively. In the third and last section, Part III: Local Level-Mediation in the Arab World, we study intra-state local level dynamics of mediation.