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The economic elites of Syrian refugees: a neglected group of crisis alleviator
Abstract
Among the millions Syrian refugees who flee from Syria to its neighboring countries, thousands of them belong to the upper-middle business class in the pre-revolution Syria. This group used to be in a much wealthier stance and are professionals in business investments, and possess a stronger social capital compared with their fellow countrymen. Although they experienced the same disaster as their fellow countrymen, they clearly show their strengths of economic and social resilience during the war period in the host countries – clearly indicated by the more than 10,000 Syrian companies in Turkey, and another hundreds of factories and workshops in Egypt and Jordan. However, very limited academic studies have addressed the existence and development of these economic elites of refugees during the war. The Syrians who left Syria after the 2011 revolution are in general considered and treated as ‘refugees,’ Yet governments, think tanks, and Academia neglect the fact that not all of the Syrians who left Syria are the traditionally depicted ‘refugee.’ This paper argues that economic elites of refugees play important roles as alleviators to their countrymen and the host societies in the face of crisis. The questions asked in this paper is, what are the context of the emigration of the Syrian businessmen? How do the different host countries’ atmospheres affect the settlement process of the business migrants? And what kind of business and philanthropic activities the Syrian businessmen are practicing? The sources used in this paper are based on the press survey from various online sources, and a nine-month period of fieldwork, consisting mainly of in-depth semi-structure interviews, between the mid of 2014 to the end of 2015. Interviews were conducted with more than two hundred Syrian businessmen in the Turkish cities of Istanbul, Gaziantep, Mersin, and Bursa, and in Egypt and Jordan. The paper finds, that a reconsideration of the importance of the economic elites of the war-induced migrants can not only be of life-long importance for traditionally depicted refugees, but can also be of lasting importance to the economies of the host countries.
Discipline
Sociology
Geographic Area
Syria
Sub Area
Diaspora/Refugee Studies