When considering the image of the Prophet Muhammad, most scholars maintain that he is regarded in the same light by all Muslims throughout “Islamdom”, a view which certainly emerged from a monolith understanding of Islam. While, the general study of Islam moved to explore various manifestations of the religion, few studies have dealt with constructions of the image of the Prophet that emerged among different Muslim communities. Very few have investigated the historical, religious and social elements that served in constructing a divergent image of the Prophet and the role of this image in the formation of the religious identity of the Andalusian and North African Muslims. Although there are dozens of inroads into this subject, I found a tradition unique to North Africa where the believers sent letters with pilgrims (Hajj) to be read to the Prophet Muhammad wherein they addressed him as a living person. These epistles were also frequently read during special occasions, religious or otherwise. In my view these letters were a form of gift-exchange that reflect a distinct religiosity in the Maghrib/Andalus, and also create the possibility of complex questions regarding the nature and fragmentation of time for these authors. This practice lasted from the 3rd century A.H. to the 10th century A.H. (9th-16th centuries CE) as this paper will discuss in the study of thirteen letters that I collected and that span this time period. No research has been conducted on this topic, yet I think these writings strongly suggest a unique religious identity that developed not only in the vernaculars, but was also practiced by the elite society of scholars, notaries and kings.
This paper will not only study the tensions suggested by these letters between different historical elements that made the image of the Prophet in the Maghrib/ Andalus which has been central to the religious experience of the people of that region, but will also trace some of the distinct stylistic modes that separate these writings from other forms of epistolary art that was in great use especially in the royal courts.
Religious Studies/Theology