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Entanglements: The Social Life of Hair in Urban Egypt
Abstract
Hair, its visibility, length, texture, style, color, and much more communicate powerful meanings about various social inequalities and values. The way the hair is styled, trimmed, and presented to the outside world is never a simple individual preference but is always a social and political act that is strongly connected to class hierarchies, gender distinctions, generational differences, and religious interpretations. Drawing on ethnographic research in a low-income neighborhood in northern Cairo and informed by feminist traditions and theories of practice, this paper explores how men and women, children and adults, young and old manage their own hair and the hair of others. It pays close attention to the labor and effort invested in the management of one’s hair and the hair of relatives and close friends to materialize a particular notion of beauty, respectability, fashionability, distinction, and wellbeing. From eyebrows to beards and from hands to legs, the management of hair is often a marker of femininity and masculinity. At the same time, be it straight and silky or wavy and kinky, hair management is central to daily life and the social standing of a family. Mothers spend hours beautifying the hair of their young daughters, while young men keep track of fashionable hair styles and spend money and time on gel and other products, and older women and men cover their hair (or lack off) with scarfs or caps. Facial hair is also significant – it differentiates men and women and communicates specific meanings such as sorrow or delight, care or neglect. This paper explores the multiple meanings circulated through hair and examines how these meanings relate to current social norms, religious debates, colonial pasts, global discourses, and new consumption patterns.
Discipline
Anthropology
Geographic Area
Egypt
Sub Area
Ethnography