In spite of a growing body of literature examining how diasporas can impact a conflict’s trajectory, little attention has been paid to the role and influence of diasporas in the wake of the Arab Spring. This is particularly problematic given the fact that a number of diaspora communities around the world view the Middle East as their “ancestral homeland” and can, therefore, be reasonably expected to be concerned with the social and political transformations taking place throughout the region. This paper seeks to fill this gap in the literature by examining the engagement of diaspora communities toward the Middle East following the Arab Uprisings of 2011. I argue that diaspora involvement in the Arab Spring is multifaceted, fluid and, often times, contradictory. Diasporas have, both helped sustain violence—by providing financial and diplomatic support to a variety of opposition movements—and helped promote inter-communal dialogue and post-conflict reconstruction, by providing aid to those impacted by violence as well as engaging in transnational campaigns for peace and reconciliation. I argue that whether specific diasporas become obstacles or assets for peace is influenced by a number of factors including how diasporas were first formed; the degree of internal cohesion among members; diasporas’ socio-economic standing in their host-societies; and how the threat their communities face is perceived and interpreted. This paper, which is part of a larger multi-country study, focuses specifically on diaspora mobilization toward the Syrian civil war. I rely on qualitative methodology, including semi-structured interviews with diaspora leaders in North America and Europe, participant observation, and archival analysis. The specific role diasporas play in the Syrian civil war, a conflict increasingly driven by questions of identity, belonging, and various forms of exclusion, can significantly impact its future trajectory and, consequently, that of the Middle East.