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Resisting Attempts to Re-Create Identity by Renaming
Abstract
According to scholars, naming is a potent boundaries-making ritual, and an effective tool for creating us-them distinctions. During the Armenian Genocide, when incorporating members of other groups into their group, Turks required the renaming of the individual as part of the conversion process into Islam. The act of renaming was considered a prerequisite for membership into the group. This paper will present strategies employed by children during the Armenian Genocide to resist attempts at Turkification, and their tenacious efforts to maintain their Armenian identity and culture, in particular, their name. Data will be drawn from 200 oral history memoirs of Armenian Genocide survivors, collected from 1960 to 1980s. Genocide survivors describe their rejection of attempts to rename them. Some children refused to accept a Muslim name even if defying their captors could lead to death. Many survivors provide examples of their determination to cling to their name. For example, a female survivor recalls rejecting attempts at renaming her with a Muslim name, and engages in defiant assertions of her ethnic and religious identities. Genocide survivors recalled exhortations from dying parents to remember the names of family members as well as their own names. The admonitions of these parents reveal the importance they placed on naming, and their recognition of the significance of a name in maintaining one’s identity. Other survivors narrate ways in which they were stripped of everything – their family, their clothes and even their name. Children describe the difficulty of maintaining their identity and refusing to submit to attempts at renaming. They share their struggle to cling to the identity of an Armenian Christian. Some are unable to continue in their refusal to change their name, and eventually succumb to attempts at renaming. Genocide survivors had been stripped of every connection to their Armenian identity and culture. Having lost everything, they struggled to thwart attempts at obliterating their name and their identity.
Discipline
Other
Geographic Area
Ottoman Empire
Sub Area
19th-21st Centuries