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Masculinist Gheyrat: The Missing Link in Iranian Transgender Studies
Abstract
Despite the public regulating forces against transgendered subjectivities in contemporary Iranian culture, strong evidence exists in narratives depicting Iranian trans people that foregrounds the determining role of a hegemonic configuration of Iranian masculinity in policing transgender. I argue that central to the issue of transgenderism in contemporary Iran is a gheirat-directed hegemonic masculinity that deems as shamefully unbearable the trans persons’ embodied violations of the Iranian society’s heteronormative gender binary system. As the culturally ascendant form of being a man in a society, hegemonic masculinity is defined by its distancing from, and othering, women as well as other sexually or racially marginalized and subordinated masculinities. Gheirat is defined a gendered social construct based on a man’s sense of honor, possessiveness and protectiveness towards certain female kin. Being enacted by many men and boys as brothers, fathers, husbands, friends, lovers, and relatives, a gheirat-motivated masculinity tends to rigorously oppose trans people’s struggle for agency through threats, or implementation, of violence. Seen through the lens of this gheirat-based hegemonic masculinity, real Iranian men are expected to avoid the abjection of feminized masculinities as much as they shun the incongruity and freakishness of masculine femininities. The current article demonstrates the above argument through rendering close readings of excerpts from several contemporary Iranian fictional and cinematic narratives that depict transgender characters. Heeding this juncture is crucial to filling the current gap in Iranian transgender studies of how trans people’s issues interplay with those of other gender and sexual minorities, particularly women and homosexual men.
Discipline
Sociology
Geographic Area
Iran
Sub Area
None