MESA Banner
The Atatürk Museum and the Ceremony of State Veneration
Abstract
The Atatürk Museum in Istanbul today is only one museum among the over forty now located across the country that bear the name of this modern state’s founder. The active museumification of private, public, official, domestic, temporary, permanent, and semi-permanent venues occupied by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk during the course of his life has been taking place since his death in 1938. Istanbul’s Atatürk Museum was the first of its kind to be established in 1942, although plans to convert it to a museum were in existence since the late 1920s. This museum initiated the establishment of permanently marked spaces honoring Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the Republic that were as commemorative and ceremonial as they were educational. Each house museum is located in a different corner of the country, connecting local history to the leader and the nation. These “house” museums also reflect a broader interest in creating domestic settings to associate with the founder of the state, by appropriating an easily identifiable familial visual motif that conveys his role as father, and leader, of the Turkish nation. This study investigates the various ways in which the Istanbul Atatürk Museum serves as a historically charged ceremonial space for the commemoration of the modern state of Turkey and its founding father. The grounds it occupies are considered sacred and indeed constitute the museum’s raison d'être. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk lived in this house during the six months prior to his move to Anatolia in 1919 when he began organizing a nationalist uprising against the foreign occupying forces. Thus, this museumified house is where Atatürk conceptualized the new free nation-state of Turkey. The museum displays consist of an assortment of Mustafa Kemal’s clothes and personal belongings, narrative paintings of the War of Independence, soil from his birth place and from Anitkabir where he is buried, and extensive explanatory texts to accompany the objects. Drawing from a systematic analysis of the materials on display, their arrangement and exhibition methods and the accompanying didactics, this paper seeks to reveal how the Atatürk House Museum embodies and communicates Turkish Republican secular civil religious values through the life and deeds of its first civil saint and national father. This Atatürk Museum and the numerous Atatürk museums established across the country constitute additional ceremonial spaces in which to celebrate, commemorate, and venerate Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the state he founded.
Discipline
Art/Art History
Geographic Area
Turkey
Sub Area
19th-21st Centuries