Abstract
Transitional justice in Tunisia and the mediated publicness: towards a memorial consensus?
This paper addresses a major gap in the post-Arab spring literature by examining the re-reading of the history in Tunisia through the conceptualization and establishment of transitional justice, as it is constructed by media.
Transitional justice raises important questions about how a nation recognizes the wrongdoings inflicted on its people. It is both an exceptional mechanism mobilizing a number of legal actions and a collective and political attempt to reframe a social functioning considered unjust, degrading and affecting the whole collectivity. Transitional justice is also a projection and a mode of representation of the future.
Unlike its Algerian neighbor, Tunisia has chosen to make auditions 'public'. It is this “mediated publicness’ that interests this paper. We argue that by exposing victims and debates about transitional justice, media shapes knowledge about transitional justice; namely the retention of certain historical information, the dissemination of others, or the distinction between the types of victims. Additionally, the media effort is not strictly focused on the legacy of human rights violations, the past, but rather on the future of the identity of the post-Ben Ali Tunisia.
A strictly functional approach to transitional justice confines it to the sphere of law and runs the risk of missing the profound identity, memory and political stakes that underlie it. Do the international standards used by Tunisian transitional justice make it possible to embrace the aspiration to recognition that animates people who have suffered from the wrongdoings of the repressive regime? Is speaking to an audience, which is transmitted by the media, comparable to pecuniary compensation and what value does it have? Is publicizing the loss of the integrity of a person or a group restoring their dignity (a term incidentally taken from the popular uprisings of 2011)? And, finally, what does law lose in its dramatization, if it loses somethings and does not gain others?
This paper presents an in-depth analysis of media participation in the construction of the meaning given to transitional justice in Tunisia. Our analysis is based on a corpus of private Tunisian television productions that have covered the activities of the Truth and Dignity Commission through debates and talk shows and productions of private radio stations. We hope to show that the notions of truth and human value are cleaved and are based on differentiated conceptions of history and the public sphere in question.
Discipline
Geographic Area
Sub Area
None