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Conception of Activist Biographies: The Cases of Kurdish Migrant Women in Germany
Abstract
Are some groups or individuals more prone to activism? How about the long-lasting effects of violent contentious politics on the members of these groups? It is more challenging for the members of certain groups to stay uninvolved or indifferent towards politics and pursue an “ordinary” life. Because of their collective history, they are more likely either to be pulled or pushed into activism for a temporary or long period of time. But not every member of such groups automatically opts for an activist career, just like not everyone who has joined persists in those movements. This is also true for the Kurdish people in the Middle East who have long been striving for civil and political rights and come to establish political as well as armed organizations. The Kurdish population in the region has been divided up, by the establishment of national borders, between Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. All these countries have at some point in their history been ruled by authoritarian regimes. Furthermore, in the hegemonic political discourses, Kurds have been considered a threat to the national unity of the respective countries and subjected to various forms of repression and violence. The level and extent of violent and repressive policies have been contingent on both the character of the authoritarian regimes and that of the Kurds’ socio-historical configurations in these countries. These repressive policies have often resulted in the migration or escape of numerous Kurds to Europe, and thus in the constitution of a large diaspora in Europe in general and in Germany in particular. The social movement literature on the micro mobilization of individuals in political activism has mostly been limited to quantitative analyses focusing on factors such as “biographical availability” or belonging to certain political, social, or activists’ networks. This paper, however, adopts a social constructivist approach based on a procedural and relational analysis of individuals’ decisions and actions to reconstruct the processes leading to the formation of activist biographies. Drawing on the biographical narrative interviews with the activist Kurdish migrant women in Germany, this paper attempts to identify patterns in the life histories of Kurdish activist women which play a significant role in their decisions to participate and stay engaged in political activism both in the countries of origin and also in Germany.
Discipline
Sociology
Geographic Area
Iran
Iraq
Kurdistan
Syria
Turkey
Sub Area
None