Abstract
In 2001, the Quincentennial Foundation, previously established to commemorate 500th anniversary of the arrival of the Sephardim to the Ottoman lands, has launched a museum to archive and display the history and culture of the Turkish Jewry. The permanent collection in this museum crystallizes prominent trends in Jewish historiography in Turkey, often criticized as pro-establishment. In this paper, I will explore section “World War II: Émigré scholars, Turkish diplomats, Einstein’s letter" displayed as part of the permanent exhibition. In this section, many visuals, documents, and artifacts are exhibited narrating the so-called "rescue mission" conducted by Turkish Diplomats in Europe during the World War II.
Combining interviews/fieldwork on the site with textual analysis of the museum’s website and printed catalogue, I examine how the museum and its curators consolidate their position as the authoritative archive of Turkish-Jewish historiography. This exhibition establishes concrete visual and textual connections with cultural products on the so-called "rescue mission" of Turkish diplomats who allegedly saved thousands of Jews from the Holocaust. It consequently contributes to the proliferation and circulation of a historically challenged narrative, which promotes Turkish government's questionable claims to liberal multiculturalism and humanitarian foreign policy. This “narrative of rescue,” albeit its inconsistencies repeatedly rebutted by scholars, has been instrumental to Turkish diplomatic efforts in warding off the government's responsibilities deriving from the Armenian Genocide. Drawing on this rescue narrative, Turkish diplomats have repeatedly emphasized the so-called "Turkish character," which is, as they put it, "humanitarian and benevolent in nature therefore incapable of committing genocide." In this light, the museum becomes a site where historical documents, visuals, and artifacts are mobilized to promote a questionable historiography of the Second World War with regards to Turkey and Turkish Jewry, and lend themselves to make problematic diplomatic claims. In that light, this paper will address broader implications of the “narrative of rescue” and contribute to the scholarship on historiography and museum studies in general, with Turkey as a particular instance.
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