The International Relations literature has given little attention to thoroughly conceptualizing external interventions in internal multi ethnoreligious conflicts. No sub-region can epitomize this complexity more than the Levant where hegemons along with their local agents are shaping these emerging trends rather than unitary state actors. This presentation conceptualizes how multiple hegemons seize the opportunity of political change to mobilize sub-national identities. The overarching objective is to assess these interventions in fragile social structures in a novel perspective with a focus on the contemporary Levant.