Abstract
This paper explores Palestinian political activism in Egypt in the aftermath of the 2011 revolution. This last year the Arab world has witnessed a number of breathtaking upheavals against oppression. As Egyptians, Tunisians, Yemenis, Syrians, and Bahrainis, among others, struggle for freedom in their respective and differing contexts, the key issue of Palestinian self-determination remains on the margins.
For many in the Arab world, the decades old authoritarianism that persistently eroded civil society, stifled development, and repressed all forms of political dissent was wedded to both US and Israeli economic and political interest in the Middle East. Egyptians in particular witnessed the consolidation of alliances that enriched a small number of elites and multinational interests at the populations' expense.
The Egyptian call for liberation that focused on “bread, freedom, and social justice” ousted president Hosni Mubarak's corrupt and oppressive regime. At various instances, the centrality of Palestine to the movement in Tahrir Square and throughout Egypt was hard to miss. In many ways, Mubarak’s decades long “cold peace” with Israel signified the loss of national dignity and the erosion of Egypt’s role as a regional leader. Indeed, many political parties established after Mubarak’s ouster rushed to present different political visions on how to resolve the Palestinian question.
However, while Palestine is central to political discussions and visions, Palestinians as agents continue to be marginalized. At the core of this marginalization are the understudied and overlooked experiences of Palestinians living in Egypt. Refugees from both the 1948 and 1967 wars, both Egyptian and Palestinian national narratives have erased these Palestinians and their experiences. Over the last six decades they have been subject to oppressive laws, social stigmatization, and dire economic conditions. Under the Mubarak regime, Palestinians suffered under the surveillance of security forces and through restrictions on movement, trade, and political participation.
How did the fall of the Mubarak regime influence Palestinian life in Egypt legally and politically? Through in-depth interviews, this paper explores the political participation, forms of activism, views, and visions of Palestinian activists residing in Egypt. By engaging the Egyptian revolution’s influence on the practices and ideas of these activists, this paper sheds light on Egyptian political potentialities as well as Palestinian strategies and challenges in a rapidly shifting political context.
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