This paper examines the nature and reception of Abulqasim Lahuti’s translations of Russian classics, particularly into Tajik in the 1930s and into Persian in the 1940s. Through an analysis of his translation work, this paper ascertains how Lahuti’s translations introduced Russian literature to a larger Persian-speaking audience, how these works were received in Iran and connected with similar translation movements by leading Iranian intellectuals of the time, and the role of these translations in promoting WWII era Russian-Iranian relations. Ultimately, this paper aims to pinpoint the role of Soviet translators in the history of Russian-Iranian cultural exchange.