Drawing on T.H. Marshall’s citizenship framework, the paper argues for a more expansive approach to “democracy” that would take into account social rights and economic citizenship. The strengths, weaknesses, and gender biases of past “social contracts” are briefly examined, along with their deterioration in the context of the neoliberal shift. Prospects for new social policy regimes in the three countries are examined and compared in light of societal demands, state capacity, and resources.