Abstract
What has been the impact of the Arab Spring on Egyptian citizens? How did the uprisings affect their aspirations, their problems and their relationship with the state? The literature on Arab uprisings, particularly in Egypt, explores the causes and dynamics of these uprisings and the roles that different groups (particularly youth, women and workers), political organisations (e.g. the Muslim Brotherhood and Salafis), state institutions (particularly the army) and social media played in them.
What is lacking from these analyses are people’s voices which are crucial for understanding ‘how’ these political changes affected the lives and aspirations of deprived communities. Building on primary data collected in 2006/7 and in 2015, this paper tracks people’s wellbeing perceptions and aspirations in two deprived communities, (1) Manshiet Nasser (one of the largest slum areas in Cairo) and rural villages in Menia (one of the poorest governorates in Upper Egypt) over a nine year period. The paper presents an inter-temporal and intra-case study analyses that examines how the dynamics of wellbeing and aspirations have been affected by political changes in Egypt. Through a wellbeing questionnaire, the paper explores the main elements of a good life that people value, their main areas of deprivation, as well as their (unfulfilled) aspirations and examines the impacts of recent political changes on people’s well-being and aspirations in both settings.
Theoretically, the paper links the literature on wellbeing, aspirations and political change. It explores the role of the state in fulfilling (or frustrating) people's aspirations. By examining the impact of political uprisings on people’s wellbeing and aspirations; the paper fills an existing gap in the literature on human development and political change. This is particularly important, for example because most studies on the Arab Spring have so far mainly focused on the analysis of authoritarianism, democracy, geopolitics and political economy; thus failing to account for the relationship between wellbeing, aspirations and political change which this paper seeks to address.
Empirically, this paper draws on two waves of data collection (before and after the recent political changes) to create a grounded and dynamic picture of how individual and communal wellbeing changed over time. The paper is also policy relevant as it examines people's perceptions on the role that the state, donors, and NGOs should/do play in promoting their wellbeing. Understanding these roles is crucial to narrow down the gap between people’s aspirations and state policies; an essential step for political stability.
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