Abstract
This presentation will focus on the work of a counselling centre from Southern Cairo that I have chosen to call Generous Heart. Its members are almost exclusively women. It is dealing with issues of love and sexuality, using methods combining psychological studies, self-realization manuals, and references to Islam. The tensions rising from this mixing are at the core of my ethnographic inquiry: on the one hand, Generous Heart seems to promote “emotional liberty” (W. Reddy), for instance through group therapies where all participants are asked to tell their grieves, suffering, and hopes; on the other hand, its discourse affirms the primacy of morals shown as anchored in God’s commands. It is through a silencing of the hesitations of desire that equilibrium is reinstated: even at a young age, love and sexual attraction are deemed as normal, but marriage is presented as everyone’s natural expectation. Premarital and extramarital affairs are pathologised, as the outcome of a lack of love during childhood leading to a constant need to regain this missed out affection. Homosexual desire is also seen as an illness to cure. In the same manner, marriages crossing class boundaries are presented by the members of the centre as endangering for mental health. However, Generous Heart’s program is not void of ambivalences, enclosed in the rhetoric of Progress that it defends. The mastering of the right ways to express one’s feeling is largely depicted in Egypt as a privilege of the educated. Through this, transnational imaginaries of what romantic love should be easily become partly associated to the belonging to the upper and middle classes. As the idea of Progress that Generous Heart defends is also strongly linked to the living standards and the class expectations of its members, who define themselves as middle class Cairenes, desire becomes a matter of intimate questioning open to contradictory interpretations of the right way to behave.
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