Tunisia stands out as the country from which sprang the Arab Spring. The demise of Ben Ali was swift and shocking, but the history of the country since its independence still shapes the debates within post-revolutionary Tunisia in very significant ways. Although Islamist political actors have come to be the most visible force in the country, as has been the case in much of the region, it would be a mistake to perceive the current struggles of Tunisia as simply a struggle between Islamists on one side and secularists on the other. This paper argues that the battles are also about which interpretations of Islam will have the upper hand in shaping the future of Tunisian society and institutions. This is in large part the result of particular educational policies that previous Tunisian governments had implemented and that allowed for the development of strong academic studies of Islam outside the purview of traditional Islamic studies curricula. Islam was analyzed from various angles, using all kinds of fields of modern academic inquiry.
After the Jasmine Revolution, it became clear that many of those that some simply label “secularists” possessed highly sophisticated interpretative approaches to Islam. In order to highlight this last point, the paper will take a look at the work of a Tunisian female writer and scholar. Olfa Youssef is a Muslim feminist who has authored books on numerous topics. Importantly, she has been successful in popularizing her perspectives in ways that many modernist Muslim scholars have been unable to achieve. Using media outlets, including satellite television, in an effective manner, Youssef has gained a lot of attention around the Arab world. The paper provides an analysis of Youssef’s hermeneutical methods and conclusions on one hand and discusses the way she communicates her ideas to non-specialist audiences on the other hand in order to impose her voice on the debates surrounding Islam in Tunisia and beyond.
Religious Studies/Theology