Abstract
The paper focuses on two museum displays that commemorate the Jewish life in the MENA pre-1948, currently on view in Casablanca and Jerusalem: The display at The Museum of Moroccan Judaism of Casablanca, and the Moroccan exhibit in the exhibition Costume and Jewry A Matter of Identity, on view in The Israel Museum in Jerusalem.
By interweaving everyday objects and ceremonial costumes created and used by the Jews of Morocco before their migration to Israel, both exhibitions are aiming to offer a glance at the cultural heritage of this community. However, both exhibitions are using different visual means to support contrasting narratives.
The exhibition in Casablanca describes the Moroccan Jewish community as an immanent part of the Moroccan modernization and nationalization process and focuses on the immense contribution of Jews to today’s Moroccan culture, science, and politics, while the visual rhetoric in the Jerusalem exhibit revolves around the rescue narrative which constructs Israel as the savior of Morocco Jewry and its material heritage from extinction, by its hostile Muslim homeland.
Moreover, by dedicating an official museum to the material culture of the Jewish community that once lived in Morocco, the exhibition in Casablanca restores and rebuilds the continuity between the past and the present and between the country and its former citizens aggressively cut after 1948. Therefore, it allows the descendants of this community, like me, to reconnect with their lost homeland.
However, by presenting the material culture of the Moroccan diaspora in Jerusalem as rescued remains, the Israeli national museum maintains the rupture between Morocco and its Jews, presenting it as irreversible and inevitable. By doing so it implies the end of the Jewish- Moroccan entity as an Arab-Jewish community depicting the state of Israel as its only natural homeland.
The exhibitions serve as a departure point for a broader discussion on the “Zionization” and racialization of MENA Jews at the transition period before / after the establishment of the state of Israel. It reshapes the national, ethnic and racial categories that were standardized by western colonial powers and offers an approach that evades any of these categories altogether.
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