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Goat Herders and Grape Gatherers: The Portrayal of Anatolian Mountain Village Women's Interaction with the Natural Environment in Contemporary Turkish Film
Abstract
Recent international scholarly interest in Turkish contributions to artistic ecocriticism – with its focus on the re-analysis of literary works by Ya?ar Kemal, Yaman Koray, Abbas Sayar, the Garip Movement poets and the (often anonymous) composers of Anatolian mystic poetry and folk songs – is encouraging and yet sometimes lacking in feminist perspective, regional specificity and/or historical relevance. Furthermore, Turkish filmmakers’ engagement with 20th and 21st century environmental issues, in particular with those that affect the livelihood and daily socio-cultural experience of Turkish women, has rarely been discussed. In an attempt to shift the ecocritical dialog on Turkey to the discipline of film studies and call the “male gaze” bias into question, this paper will explore the portrayal of both Taurus and Black Sea mountain village women’s relationship to their changing natural and socio-cultural environment in four documentary, semi-documentary and fictional films produced in Turkey in the last seven years. My comparative analysis of Pelin Esmer’s The Play (2006), Suha Ar?n’s Fatma of the Forest (2010), Ye?im Ustao?lu’s Waiting for the Clouds (2009) and Yusuf Kurçenli’s Ask Your Heart (2010) will focus first on the validity (or conversely, the fictionality) of these films’ images and messages about mountain village women’s daily work (and play) in their immediate natural environment, and compare them briefly to common images of and “truisms” about Anatolian village women developed in 20th century Turkish popular, nationalistic and academic discourses. Then I will explore the films’ portrayal of how political and/or economic changes in the nation (or empire) at large alter that particular region’s physical and social environment and its role in the women’s knowledge of the world as well as in their negotiation of gender roles. Finally, in order to contextualize these particular films’ production and reception, I will touch upon the broader implications of producing and/or consuming static (vs. dynamic) cinematic images of local environments and cultures, be it for the purpose of entertainment and/or education, or for the promotion of cultural tourism and/or social change. Keywords: ecocriticism, film studies, Turkish village women
Discipline
Media Arts
Geographic Area
Anatolia
Sub Area
Gender/Women's Studies