MESA Banner
The Black Warrior: 'Antara ibn Shaddad and the Pre-Islamic Roots of Qur'anic Insights on Race and Identity
Abstract
This presentation deepens the analysis of 'Antara ibn Shaddad’s poetry by framing his ode as a crucial socio-cultural precursor to the Qur'anic discourse on slavery and blackness. 'Antara, as a black and initially enslaved figure, embodies a unique intersection of identities in pre-Islamic Arabia. This study aims to illuminate how his poetic expression of these identities lays a foundational perspective that resonates with the subsequent Qur'anic reforms on slavery. While Arabia and neighboring cultures of the time practiced slavery as a normative institution, the Qur'anic approach introduced significant reforms. The presentation will explore how 'Antara's portrayal of his own blackness and enslaved condition, marked by resilience and honor, echoes in the Qur'anic legislations, which brought major changes to the ancient institution of slavery. These changes include the presumption of freedom, the ban on the enslavement of free persons except under stringent conditions, and the innovative use of alms for the manumission of slaves. The discussion will further delve into the Qur'an’s unique stance on the treatment of slaves, including the introduction of freeing slaves as atonement for certain sins. The Qur'an's emphasis on the societal responsibility toward slaves and their placement alongside other weak members of society as deserving of protection marked a progressive shift in the narrative around slavery. Ultimately, the presentation argues that 'Antara's poetic legacy, with its profound engagement with themes of race and social status, provides an essential context for understanding the revolutionary stance of the Qur'an on slavery. The comparison reveals a significant cultural and ethical transition from pre-Islamic norms to Islamic reforms, highlighting 'Antara's enduring influence on the shaping of societal attitudes towards race and human dignity.
Discipline
Literature
Geographic Area
Qatar
Sub Area
None