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Lebanese-American in the South: Transition from Diasporic to Hyphenated Identity
Abstract
“Who we are is inextricably linked to where we are, have been, or are going” (Barnes 2000). Accordingly, ethnocultural identity construction of Lebanese-Americans in North Carolina is a fluid process that changes over time, place, and ethnic orientation. This study examines the role of language maintenance and ethnic identity based on several complementary sources: a set of oral histories compiled for the documentary Cedars in the Pines, a questionnaire on socioethnic orientation and language use, and a series of sociolinguistic interviews related to language use. These sources are used to show discursively how three generations of Lebanese in the US construct identity in relation to their 'homeland' and their ‘host society'. I combine Goffman's notion of framing with Dixon's notions of geographical place and social space in a broad interactional sociolinguistic framework examining code-switching, deictic shift as a positioning device, and footing, demonstrating that all speakers’ frame their daily experiences through 'transcultural' lens. These frames reveal different forms of ethnocultural identification among the generations and the differing backgrounds. While G1 speakers claim a place-based Lebanese identity, G2 and G3 speakers construct it in terms of cultural- space. Between G2 and G3 speakers, G3 exhibits a stronger claim to Lebanese ethnocultural identity. The community shows a generational transition from Abdelhady’s notion of “diasporic” identity towards Giampapa’s notion of “hyphenated” identity, revealing how they link 'where they have been' and 'where they are' now.
Discipline
Linguistics
Geographic Area
North America
Sub Area
Ethnic American Studies