Abstract
In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the East India Company deployed “native” writers or munshis from the Persophone world to survey the lands of Afghanistan, Tibet, and Central Asia. This paper traces the life-long journeys of one of these Indo-Persian travelers. Drawing on manuscripts and letters from the India Office and the Bodleian Library, it follows the trail of Mir Izzat Ullah, a merchant from Delhi who trekked the caravan roads of Central Asia in the first decades of the nineteenth century and composed a “book of travels,” Ahval-i Safar-i Bukhara, merging Persianate and colonial genres of travel writing. Dispatched to the city of Multan in the Punjab in 1807 and subsequently on the Kabul Mission in 1808, Mir Izzat Ullah entered into the service of the Central Asian explorer William Moorcroft and in 1812 led an expedition into Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Tibet in search of the world’s fleetest horses. Traveling across Central Asia for over two decades, he contracted cholera near the Afghan city of Balkh and died on the road in 1825. Piecing together the fragments of a life of journeys, the paper suggests Mir Izzat Ullah’s itineraries traversed a “middle ground,” lands in between, connecting the worlds of Central Asia and Mughal India.
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