The paper focuses on women migrants in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. With the loss of Ottoman territories from the early 19th century onwards thousands of Muslim refugees and migrants streamed into the remaining Ottoman domains. The influx of such large numbers of people, often in the context of war or other acts of violence, presented considerable challenges to the Ottoman state as it encountered the pressures of their urgent accommodation, subsequent resettlement, and economic integration. The encounter with the refugees also generated responses and discussions within Ottoman society. As the authorities sought to address the needs of the migrants, certain groups became the focus of more specific attention. Among them were women and children, particularly those who had lost families or had no protection and economic means. This paper looks specifically at women migrants while pursuing two lines of inquiry. First, it examines the institutions set up by the Ottoman state and benevolent societies that catered to women migrants. And, second, even more importantly, it explores how the subject of women migrants was intertwined within an array of public discourses concerning gender, charity, morality, patriotism, and health. In such a way it aspires to contribute to the history of migration and the history of women in the late Ottoman Empire. The paper argues that public discourses portrayed different images of women migrants. They were seen as a socially, physically, and morally vulnerable group, and consequently, needed special protection. Yet the support provided by the state and charitable associations was often inadequate. At the same time, women migrants were regarded as resilient, so with proper support and disciplining they could be transformed into productive members of Ottoman society. The paper draws on sources produced by Ottoman state institutions, the press, and other publications dating to the period under consideration.