The relations between the Bolshevik Russian government and the Turkish national liberation movement headed by Mustafa Kemal constitute a well-studied aspect of history. When the fate of the Turkish liberation movement seemed bleak in 1920, the leaders of the movement tried hard to establish links with the Bolshevik government, which had barely consolidated its power in Russia after a devastating civil war and was looking for allies to secure its existence. The Bolshevik government, however, was not the only Russian power that the Turkish nationalists had to consider in those years. While the Civil War in Russia was continuing, the Turkish nationalists contacted the anti-Bolshevik forces in Southern Russia under the command of Baron Piotr Nikolaevich Vrangel in order to gain support and when these forces were evacuated to Turkey they tried to prevent the use of these large and battle-hardened forces against the nascent Turkish resistance movement. Using the intelligence reports submitted to the Ankara government, this paper analyzes how the Turkish nationalists interacted with different parties involved in the Russian Civil War and how it adjusted its policies according to the fast-changing political events in the world and on Anatolian lands. While the stay of Russian soldiers as refugees in Turkey was only mentioned in the memoirs of the Russian émigrés, their presence in the occupied territories of Turkey had been an important issue for the Allied, Turkish Nationalist and Soviet authorities at the time. The documents analyzed in this paper provide new insight into this utterly neglected event and also into the development of the relations between the Turkish nationalists and the Bolsheviks in the decisive period of 1920 – 1921.