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Télé Lumière: Christian Television in Postwar Lebanon
Abstract
In 1990, a group of lay leaders from diverse denominational orientations decided to establish Télé Lumière, the first indigenous Christian religious station in the Middle East. Through this endeavor, the channel’s founders sought to promote a Christian vision of reconciliation, peace, and human rights and “to rehabilitate the compassion that was lost during the civil war.” (TL documents, 2006) In 1997, the Maronite Church partnered with Télé Lumière and assumed the role of supervising the channel’s programming. Télé Lumière has since expanded considerably: aside from its domestic operation, today it manages nine satellite or internet channels (under the “Noursat” brand) and maintains strong ties with the global Lebanese diaspora. Relying on personal interviews and internal documentation, this paper examines the circumstances that shaped the channel’s rise and investigates its relevance as a vehicle for Christian religious expression and for reinterpreting the Maronite identity after the war. After the Civil War, the Maronite Church, particularly Patriarch Nasrallah Butrus Sfeir (1986-2011), had been concerned about the unequal place of Christians and had fought to protect their freedom of speech within various media outlets. Lebanon’s 1994 Audiovisual Media Law threatened these rights since it allowed for the licensing of a Sunni Muslim, a Christian Orthodox, a (secular) Maronite, and two Shia (one religious: Al Manar) channels. To pacify criticisms that the Maronites too had the right to their own religious channel and to keep sectarian politics at bay, the state allowed Télé Lumière to continue its operations albeit with no official license, a decision that boosted the channel’s stature among its supporters and within the Maronite community. In addition to securing this victory for Christian religious expression, the channel also reaffirmed the church’s place and authority in the post-Ta’if years. During the war, political Maronitism overshadowed and even tarnished the Maronite religious identity. In contrast, Télé Lumière has worked to evangelize Christian values such as forgiveness, love, charity, and kindness, and to call attention to pressing social problems such as the plight of addicts, the poor, and the disabled. The channel, in that sense, hoped to realize the Vatican’s longstanding position that Lebanese Christians have a domestic and regional imperative to speak on behalf of the marginalized and to promote dialogue with other communities. In working to showcase these ideals, Télé Lumière has attempted to outline a new and more conciliatory interpretation of Maronite Christianity following years of civil strife.
Discipline
History
Geographic Area
Lebanon
Sub Area
Christian Studies