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Drawn to Istanbul’s Distinctive Istiklal Caddesi, Will the Diversity Continue?
Abstract
Turning your back on Istanbul’s historic old city to cross towards the opposite shore over the Galata Bridge, it appears that all paths and roads lead uphill to Istiklal Caddesi. The avenue’s centuries-long life continues to tell its open and ongoing story about urban vitality and its defiant public-ness. Here, daring and sublime individual and collective freedoms are seen and felt, realistically symbolizing “independence,” for which the avenue was renamed in 1923, at the start of the Turkish Republic (Kinzer: 2001). Purposely revisiting Istiklal and its surrounding context since the early 2000’s, as a form of long-view, urban architectural fieldwork, a series of socio-spatial premises and questions emerged about the continued inhabiting of its public street space/s (Author: 2020; 2014). In this part of Beyoğlu, the co-existence of locals and tourists showcase a particular set of conditions seen through the transforming architectural street scene. Influenced are felt by the demographic diversity that reflects national, international and global aspirations (Keyder: 1999; Tekin; 2017). Yet, the phenomenon of Istiklal’s daily continual draw of thousands of people also represents a dependency on conscious and unconscious impulses that might be explained through layers and filters of psychological sensitivities, as well as memory-laden perceptions (Jacks: 2006; de Certeau: 1984). The focus of this paper is on questions and impacts prompted by the urban mélange of cultural attitudes, activities, behaviors and interactions, asking: How has Istiklal Caddesi remained pivotal in Istanbul, and also become symbolic of the country? In what ways will its diversity continue or disappear? Three subsections will illustrate the observations put forth about the extreme draw, and freedoms found on the avenue. First, a brief history of Galata and Pera highlight the avenue formation and connect it to late Ottoman district reformation, and the resulting jumble of architectural growth we see today (Batur: 2007; Gül: 2009). Second, Istiklal’s influential context within the city as a public site for collective commemoration or protest—past and present (Fidan: 2019; Haksöz: 2015), expresses choices or nuanced motivations for different visiting populations. Third, a phenomenal approach aids speculation on why the history and spaces of protest create desire to take part in the hyper crowd. The conclusion postulates how all of these conditions create a zeitgeist of spatial non-conformity and free-expression. Research supports heterogeneous forms of open-ness will continue even amidst the appearance of socio-political or global homogeneity (Kartal: 2021; Adanalı: 2011).
Discipline
Architecture & Urban Planning
Geographic Area
Turkey
Sub Area
None