Despite its prolific publication record and notable popularity in the 1940s and 1950s, Turkish neo-spiritualism has hardly been taken as a topic of investigation by scholars of modern Turkey. This paper aims to engage analytically with this little-known venture in Turkish republican intellectual history. Combining the late nineteenth and early twentieth century western trend of spiritualism, or spiritism, with its local dynamics and socio-cultural structures, Turkish neo-spiritualist discourse represents a collage of scientific (and/or pseudo-scientific) arguments that integrates the spiritual philosophies of western spiritualists with the doctrines and practices of Islamic mysticism (Sufism). It hence sheds light on how an imported (western-alternative) discourse on the soul, the spirit, and the self axiomatically found itself in dialogue with internal dynamics and indigenous traditions while being transformed into, and accommodated within, the early Turkish republican socio-cultural context. Neo-spiritualism flourished as a novel discourse for reevaluating psychic matters and investing them with a new language in a period of top-down secularism in Turkey, during which religious institutions and options were officially banned. It had scientific or empirical contours yet was commensurable with religion and, thus, as this paper argues, it gained significant popularity in the early republican period by offering a legally viable alternative to Sufi discourses on spiritual issues.