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Women and Genealogies in Urban Saudi Arabia: Remembering for the Sake of the Nation
Abstract
This paper takes as its subject contemporary artwork in Saudi Arabia that revolves around memory and women. In particular, one collaborative artwork by a leading female artist, which has engaged women in three major cities of the nation, appropriates genealogical practices and narratives that are conventionally popular among men and characterize the kingdom’s “modern genealogical culture” (Samin 2013). This paper argues that despite their position in their own kinship genealogies, women want to be active in the national genealogy. Family trees in the kingdom tend to represent women as a fluid-like substance (Carsten 2004) that is passive at best and polluting at worst. Indeed, and especially among tribal families of the central region, women sully the purity of nasab or biological kinship through acts likes having affairs or marrying non-tribal men. Indeed, marriage to non-tribal men effectively ruins the chances of other female relatives to marry men of tribal lineage. An intimate ethnography of this collaborative artwork that has invited women in Khobar, Riyadh and Jeddah through participatory workshops to remember their mothers, grandmothers, aunts and older sisters, as well as the latter’s oral histories, brings to light gendered ways of remembering (see also King and Stone 2010). Workshops took place in urban centers since questions of remembering and relatedness are inseparable from the socio-political processes that accompany urbanism. More importantly, the ethnography reveals how women are eager to carve their names and those of their female ancestors into the leaves of the national genealogy. In fact, by drawing and sharing their own female-focused family trees and sawalif (stories), participants in this artwork seek to integrate mainstream nationalist narratives, rather than to remain outside those narratives or to create their own counter-narratives. The sawalif pertain to their national imaginaries and how their own female ancestors have contributed to nation-building processes in distant non-urban regions of the kingdom.
Discipline
Anthropology
Geographic Area
Gulf
Sub Area
Gulf Studies